Assesses the static balance of clients in a sensory integration taxing condition.
1; 2 parts
2 minutes
Adult
18 - 64
yearsElderly Adult
65 +
yearsElizabeth Dannenbaum MscPT for the Vestibular EDGE task force of the Neurology section of the APTA.
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Healthy Individuals:
El-Kashlan et al, 1998; Normative data for healthy individuals
|
Single leg stance : right foot (mean (sd)) |
|
|
|
Age (years) |
Eyes Open: sec |
Eyes Closed : sec |
|
20-49 |
28.8 (4.4) |
20.7 (9.5) |
|
50-59 |
24.2 (9.3) |
6.1 (4.7) |
|
60-69 |
27.1 (6.4) |
2.0 (4.7) |
|
70-79 |
18.2 (10) |
1.0 (3.9) |
Springer BA, et al 2007 : In the healthy population (n = 549, 18-99 yo) the ability to stand unipedal eyes open and closed decreases with age, yet is not gender dependent. All ages have decreased score in the eyes closed condition (the mean score eyes closed in the 18-39 yo group was 13.1 sec
Franchignoni F, et al 1998: Found good test-rest reliability in healthy woman aged 55-71y.o: eyes open: 0.90-0.91, eyes closed: 0.74-0.75
Franchignoni F, et al 1998 Found good inter-rater reliability in healthy woman aged 55-71: eyes open: 0.99, eyes closed 0.99 (Wilcoxon signed rank test, two evaluators simultaneously rated the same performance)
Vestibular Hypofunction:
From Gill-Body et al 2000 study on balance and disability: Bilateral vestibular hypofunction (n = 44) EYES OPEN: mean 6.03/30 sec, SD 9.55, range 0-30, EYES CLOSED Mean 0.50/30, SD 0.96, range 0-3.65: Unilateral vestibular hypofunction (n = 41): EYES OPEN: mean 11.81/30 sec, SD 11.96, range 0-30, EYES CLOSED mean3.27/30sec, SD6.77, range 0-30.
Mann GC et al 1996:Studied people with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (n = 28) Single leg stance test is not correlated with Dizziness Handicap Score, yet has a highly significant, moderate correlation with Functional Reach score (r = 0.59, p = 0.001)
El-Kashlan, H. K., Shepard, N. T., et al. (1998). "Evaluation of clinical measures of equilibrium." Laryngoscope 108(3): 311-319.
Franchignoni, F., Tesio, L., et al. (1998). "Reliability of four simple, quantitative tests of balance and mobility in healthy elderly females." Aging (Milano) 10(1): 26-31.
Gill-Body, K. M., Beninato, M., et al. (2000). "Relationship among balance impairments, functional performance, and disability in people with peripheral vestibular hypofunction." Physical Therapy 80(8): 748-758.
Mann, G., Whitney, S., et al. (1995). "Functional reach and single leg stance in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders." Journal of vestibular research: equilibrium & orientation 6(5): 343-353.
Springer, B. A., Marin, R., et al. (2007). "Normative values for the unipedal stance test with eyes open and closed." J Geriatr Phys Ther 30(1): 8-15.
We have reviewed more than 500 instruments for use with a number of diagnoses including stroke, spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury among several others.