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Science has come a long way in helping individuals understand the experience of pain. Previously, pain was believed to be a result of a purely physical or anatomical issue, stemming from injury, illness or tissue damage.

Fortunately, a newer understanding of how pain works ¡ª pain science ¡ª takes a far more complex and nuanced view. Pain science moves away from the idea that tissue damage alone equates to pain. Rather, pain science suggests that the whole sum of a person ¡ª including biological, social and psychological factors ¡ª must be taken into account in order to fully understand their pain experience.

Improperly used backpacks can injure muscles and joints, leading to neck pain, back pain and shoulder pain. Here a six suggestions for proper and safe backpack use:

Megan lived with chronic pain for over 20 years. She participated in our four-week pain program to learn strategies and techniques to help navigate daily pain.

For individuals who live with chronic pain ¡ª either from an injury, illness or chronic condition ¡ª it can be challenging to remain present. Pain can lead to an increased focus on physical symptoms and internal feelings, which can exacerbate the pain experience.

After being diagnosed with fibromyalgia, Jenni came to the Pain Management Center for treatment. Today, she blogs her experience with chronic pain.

Shirley Ryan ÄÛBÑо¿Ôº¡¯s Conor O¡¯Donovan, DPT ¡ª a physical therapist in the rehabilitation hospital¡¯s Pain Management Center ¡ª shared his expertise about pain and exercise in a recent article by The New York Times, Your Workout Should Hurt. But When is Pain a Red Flag?