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RehabMeasures Instrument

4 Functional Tests for Persons who Self Propel a Manual Wheelchair

Last Updated

Purpose

Assesses functional mobility in a manual wheelchair.

Link to Instrument

Instrument Details

Acronym 4FTPSMW

Area of Assessment

Coordination
Dexterity
Functional Mobility

Assessment Type

Performance Measure

Cost

Free

Diagnosis/Conditions

  • Spinal Cord Injury

Populations

Key Descriptions

  • 4 Activities (see below)
  • Minimum and Maximum not described. Timed and distance tested.
  • Either a timed event or distance (measured).
  • Information embedded in the article by May et al., 2003.

Number of Items

4

Equipment Required

  • Meter Stick
  • Felt Pen
  • Marking Board
  • Carpeted surface (1.5 cm pile)
  • 10.3 m ramp w/ 1:13 grade (initial 4.5 meters prior to ramp)
  • Stopwatch

Time to Administer

45 minutes

For 2 trials

Required Training

No Training

Age Ranges

Child

6 - 12

years

Adolescent

13 - 17

years

Adult

18 - 64

years

Elderly Adult

65 +

years

Instrument Reviewers

Initially reviewed by Christopher Newman, PT, MPT, NCS, Phyllis Palma, PT, DPT, and the SCI EDGE task force of the Neurology Section of the APTA in 9/2012

ICF Domain

Activity

Measurement Domain

Activities of Daily Living

Professional Association Recommendation

Recommendations from the Neurology Section of the American Physical Therapy Association’s StrokEDGE Taskforce, MSEDGE Taskforce, SCI EDGE Taskforce, and the TBI EDGE Taskforce are listed below. These recommendations were developed by a panel of research and clinical experts using a modified Delphi process.

For detailed information about how recommendations were made, please visit:  

Abbreviations:

 

HR

Highly Recommend

R

Recommend

LS / UR

Reasonable to use, but limited study in target group / Unable to Recommend

NR

Not Recommended

Recommendations for use based on acuity level of the patient:

 

Acute

(CVA < 2 months post)

(SCI < 1 month post)

Subacute

(CVA 2 to 6 months)

(SCI 3 to 6 months)

Chronic

(> 6 months)

SCI EDGE

NR

NR

NR

Recommendations based on level of care in which the assessment is taken:

 

Acute Care

Inpatient Rehabilitation

Skilled Nursing Facility

Outpatient

Rehabilitation

Home Health

TBI EDGE

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

Recommendations based on SCI AIS Classification: 

 

AIS A/B

AIS C/D

SCI EDGE

NR

NR

Recommendations for use based on ambulatory status after brain injury:

 

Completely Independent

Mildly dependant

Moderately Dependant

Severely Dependant

TBI EDGE

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Recommendations for entry-level physical therapy education and use in research:

 

Students should learn to administer this tool? (Y/N)

Students should be exposed to tool? (Y/N)

Is this tool appropriate for use in intervention research studies? (Y/N)

SCI EDGE

No

No

No

TBI EDGE

No

No

No

Considerations

  • A single study with a sample of convenience.

Do you see an error or have a suggestion for this instrument summary? Please e-mail us!

Wheelchair Usage

back to Populations

Standard Error of Measurement (SEM)

Sample of Convenience:  Men that were wheelchair dependent more than 50% of the time mostly with chronic neurological condition affecting the spinal cord.  One individual post injury less than 4 months.

 

Chronic SCI:

(May et al, 2003; = 20 {10 x2}, volunteer male wheelchair users, 23-70 years old & 19-57 years old, test-retest and interrater reliability) 

Forward Wheeling

Forward Vertical Reach

Ramps Ascent

One Stroke Push

0.82 seconds

0.91 cm

8.17 seconds

3.84 cm

 

Minimal Detectable Change (MDC)

Chronic SCI:

(May et al, 2003)

Forward Wheeling

Forward Vertical Reach

Ramps Ascent

One Stroke Push

2.27 seconds

2.52 cm

22.65 seconds

10.64 cm

 

Test/Retest Reliability

Chronic SCI:

(May et al, 2003)

  • Excellent test-retest reliability for all 4 tests (= 0.99, < 0.001)

Interrater/Intrarater Reliability

Chronic SCI:

(May et al, 2003)

  • Excellent interrater reliability (r = .99, < 0.001) for all but 1 stroke push. One stroke push was not calculated

Bibliography

May, L. A., Butt, C., et al. (2004). "Wheelchair back-support options: functional outcomes for persons with recent spinal cord injury." Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 85(7): 1146-1150. 

May, L. A., Butt, C., et al. (2003). "Measurement reliability of functional tasks for persons who self-propel a manual wheelchair." Arch Phys Med Rehabil 84(4): 578-583.