The STST assesses a person's ability to transition from a supine postition to a standing position.
1
Less than 5 minutes
Adult
18 - 64
yearsElderly Adult
65 +
yearsTerry Ellis, PT, PhD, NCS; Laura Savella, SPT & the PD EDGE Task Force of the Neurology Section of the APTA
Recommendations for use of the instrument from the Neurology Section of the American Physical Therapy Association’s Multiple Sclerosis Taskforce (MSEDGE), Parkinson’s Taskforce (PD EDGE), Spinal Cord Injury Taskforce (PD EDGE), Stroke Taskforce (StrokEDGE), Traumatic Brain Injury Taskforce (TBI EDGE), and Vestibular Taskforce (Vestibular EDGE) are listed below. These recommendations were developed by a panel of research and clinical experts using a modified Delphi process.
For detailed information about how recommendations were made, please visit:
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Abbreviations: |
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|
HR |
Highly Recommend |
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R |
Recommend |
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LS / UR |
Reasonable to use, but limited study in target group / Unable to Recommend |
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NR |
Not Recommended |
Recommendations Based on Parkinson Disease Hoehn and Yahr stage:
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I |
II |
III |
IV |
V |
|
PD EDGE |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
NR |
Recommendations for entry-level physical therapy education and use in research:
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Students should learn to administer this tool? (Y/N) |
Students should be exposed to tool? (Y/N) |
Appropriate for use in intervention research studies? (Y/N) |
Is additional research warranted for this tool (Y/N) |
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PD EDGE |
No |
No |
No |
Not reported |
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Vestibular EDGE |
No |
No |
No |
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At this point there is limited testing of the psychometric properties of the supine to stand test. Reliability testing is limited to one study in a disabled geriatric population. There are no reliability and validity studies in persons with Parkinson’s disease. However, normative data in PD has been published and responsiveness examined for H&Y Stages 1-3. This test may have ceiling effects in persons in the early stages of PD (H&Y 1-2.5), appears responsive in the mid-stages (H&Y 3) and has not been tested in the later stages (H&Y 4 and 5).
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Parkinson’s Disease:
(Schenkman et al., 2011; n = 186; no mean age/range given)
Parkinson’s Disease:
(Schenkman et al., 1998; Exercise group: n = 23 subjects with PD; mean age = 70.6 (6.2); H&Y Stage 2: H&Y n = 7; H&Y Stage 2.5: n = 6; H&Y Stage 3: n = 10; Control group: n = 23 subjects with PD; mean age = 71.2(7.3); H&Y Stage 2: H&Y n= 3; H&Y Stage 2.5: n = 6; H&Y Stage 3: n = 14)
(Schenkman et al, 2000; n = 56 community dwelling adults with PD; mean age = 70.7(7.4); H&Y Stages 2 and 3; n = 195 community dwelling adults without PD; mean age = 71.4(5.0))
Parkinson's Disease:
(Schenkman et al., 2011)
Parkinson’s Disease:
(Shenkman et al., 1998)
(Shenkman et al., 2011)
Congregate Housing Facility:
(Alexander et al., 2000; n = 116; mean age = 82.1 (6.6); residents requiring assistance with at least one (transfer, walking, bathing, toileting)
Geriatric:
(Alexander et al., 2000)
Alexander, N. B., Galecki, A. T., et al. (2000). "Chair and bed rise performance in ADL-impaired congregate housing residents." J Am Geriatr Soc 48(5): 526-533.
Schenkman, M., Cutson, T. M., et al. (1998). "Exercise to improve spinal flexibility and function for people with Parkinson's disease: a randomized, controlled trial." J Am Geriatr Soc 46(10): 1207-1216.
Schenkman, M., Ellis, T., et al. (2011). "Profile of functional limitations and task performance among people with early- and middle-stage Parkinson disease." Phys Ther 91(9): 1339-1354.
We have reviewed more than 500 instruments for use with a number of diagnoses including stroke, spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury among several others.